[FRIAM] gerrymandering algorithm question

[Marcus Daniels]

<   Someone made an interesting point the other day ... something like "States are the most basic form of gerrymandering."  >

On one hand it seems plausible to me that complex systems need to develop membranes or modules to function at all.   On the other hand, the kind of membranes that evolve in practice often don't seem to optimize anything that is worthwhile.   Sometimes a systemic and potent immune response is best.

https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2018/11/the-nation-has-been-this-dividedin-the-civil-war/575587/

Marcus