<div dir="auto">For a classic example of layers or levels and their interactions see<div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><a href="https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Hearsay-I-Speech-Understanding-System%3A-An-of-Reddy-Erman/04ffb20cbfa502d3d2611dcfe027cfa94b45a629">https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Hearsay-I-Speech-Understanding-System%3A-An-of-Reddy-Erman/04ffb20cbfa502d3d2611dcfe027cfa94b45a629</a><br><br><div data-smartmail="gmail_signature" dir="auto">-----------------------------------<br>Frank Wimberly<br><br>My memoir:<br><a href="https://www.amazon.com/author/frankwimberly">https://www.amazon.com/author/frankwimberly</a><br><br>My scientific publications:<br><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frank_Wimberly2">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frank_Wimberly2</a><br><br>Phone (505) 670-9918</div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr">On Mon, Jan 7, 2019, 7:02 AM ∄ uǝʃƃ <<a href="mailto:gepropella@gmail.com">gepropella@gmail.com</a> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">OK. I'm sorry if I've pushed too hard. But if what you say, here, can imply that motives are NOT just behaviors at a higher level of organization, then perhaps that's progress.<br>
<br>
Because it seems to have traction, I'll stick with the tissue, cell, molecule set. The reason I suggested you replace your "higher level" hierarchy with words describing a heterarchy, is because we (none of us) can pinpoint the tissue organizing logic [†]. While it's a useful fiction to suggest that tissue is cells organized at a higher level, we can *just as well* say tissue is organized by cellular behavior collectively.<br>
<br>
So, in one hierarchy, we have {tissue <- cell <- molecules}. But in another hierarchy, we have {cell <- tissue, cell <- molecules}. If you set your email client to monospace:<br>
<br>
tissue<br>
|<br>
cells<br>
|<br>
molecules<br>
<br>
versus:<br>
<br>
cells<br>
| |<br>
tissue molecules<br>
<br>
One of the definitions of "heterarchy" is that the components can be organized in multiple ways. So, again, I apologize if my attempts are irritating. But it *really* would help dorks like me parse what you're saying if you used words that allowed for more complete statements. I've tried to suggest "layer" and "order" as a replacement for "level". Some suggestions for replacing your statement about motives might be:<br>
<br>
Motives ARE behaviors, just dynamically mixed by the organism.<br>
Motives ARE behaviors, just organized to cohere.<br>
Motives ARE behaviors, just a heterarchy re-organizable to approach a goal.<br>
<br>
I'd claim that each of those is more accurate and complete than "organized at a higher level". To boot, they give your audience a much *better* hint at your "if you stand next to me, you will see what I see." That's because each one of my rewordings directly implies an organizing agency. Your "organized at a higher level" can be taken to be an ontological assertion ... that this hierarchy is ensconced in the universe and would be a feature of, say, silicon based life on Alpha Centauri.<br>
<br>
All it takes is to stop relying on this higher- and lower-level fiction.<br>
<br>
<br>
[†] Is it in the cells? Is it in the genes? Is it an attractor that might obtain even if the cells were zero-intelligence agents? I would argue that "it" is distributed across the whole set of components and relations ... further arguing that it's a heterarchy. But all we need to do for this discussion is admit that we don't really know and use words that give a more complete indication *that* we don't really know and need to study it further.<br>
<br>
<br>
On 1/6/19 4:26 PM, Nick Thompson wrote:<br>
> In the first instance, to a pragmatist, any statement that X is Thus, is<br>
> incomplete. So that statement, X is hierarchically organized, is just an<br>
> incomplete statement. So an argument about whether anything IS JUST<br>
> hierarchically organized is a silly argument. What is not a silly argument<br>
> is that X is hierarchically organized for some purpose of from point of<br>
> view, P. So all attributions are three0valued, sign, object, interpretant.<br>
> Is this relativism? No, not in the ordinary sense. Because the pragmatist<br>
> asserts that if you stand next to me, you will see what I see. Or, to put<br>
> it less metaphorically, if you do the experiment you will get the result.<br>
> So, if you take Eric or I to be saying that anything is one hundred present<br>
> hierarchically organized all the time and in all respects, you take us<br>
> wrong. <br>
<br>
-- <br>
∄ uǝʃƃ<br>
<br>
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