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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Hi, John, <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Thanks for answering. I will look into the Wolfram site. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Nick <o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Nicholas S. Thompson<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Clark University<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><a href="http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/"><span style='color:#0563C1'>http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> Friam [mailto:friam-bounces@redfish.com] <b>On Behalf Of </b>John Kennison<br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, August 29, 2019 4:22 PM<br><b>To:</b> Friam <Friam@redfish.com><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [FRIAM] [EXT] FW: Mathematical Inquiry<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>Hi Nick,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>I'm not a probabilist nor a statistician<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>but I think you could find a math web site that would give you what you want. The Wolfram Mathematica gives the normal distribution and I imagine that you could subtract one distribution function from another .<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>I'm not certain why you seem to think it would be normally distributed, which is symmetric in both directions. I vaguely think it would be some kind of beta function, in part because I remember pictures of beta distributions and they seen to be about right--but I have forgotten the hypotheses that would lead to such a function.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>--John<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=2 width="98%" align=center></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'> Friam <<a href="mailto:friam-bounces@redfish.com">friam-bounces@redfish.com</a>> on behalf of Nick Thompson <<a href="mailto:nickthompson@earthlink.net">nickthompson@earthlink.net</a>><br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, August 26, 2019 5:41 AM<br><b>To:</b> Friam <<a href="mailto:Friam@redfish.com">Friam@redfish.com</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> [EXT] [FRIAM] FW: Mathematical Inquiry</span> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=xmsonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Dear Mathematical Friammers,</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>What follows is a problem in mathematics, which, of course, has nothing to do with me. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Jones is a diabetic, and he has a glucose monitor that gives him his exact blood glucose level <span style='color:#1F497D'>moment to</span> moment. Jones notices at that after breakfast, his blood sugars behave in in very different manners, even though he eats exactly the same food every day, doesn’t exercise at that time of day ever, and takes exactly the same amount of insulin. Some mornings, his blood sugar rises steadily for several hours after a meal, sometimes it fall<span style='color:#1F497D'>s</span> steadily. Only rarely does it remain steady. One variable seems left for Jones to control and that is the exact timing of the relation between when he take his insulin and the time he begins his meal. </span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>So, Jones imagines a model as follows. Because Jones always takes exactly the amount of insulin necessary to account for the amount of sugar he eats, he assumes that the curves of insulin activity and sugar activity are both normal curves, with the same median time and the same sd and, therefore, the same area under the curve. However, one curve is offset from the other because sometimes Jones takes his insulin before he eats his sugar and sometimes he eats his sugar before he takes his insulin. Bearing in mind that the Insulin curve SUBTRACTS from the sugar curve, Jones wonders <span style='color:#1F497D'>about </span>the shape of the difference curve that results from different offsets between eating his meal and taking his insulin. He wonders if, perhaps, that this whole dramatic failure of control, could be due to the fact that on some days he takes his insulin a little too early and the sugar in the meal is slow to catch up and on other days, he takes it too late and the insulin is slow to catch up. Thus, the correct offset is a tipping point, an unstable equilibrium which is very difficult to achieve. </span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Jones is not a mathematician, but he hangs around with mathematicians, and he suspects that there is a software that is readily available on line for free that would allow him to display the different curves that result from the different offsets and, perhaps, even better, display the function that relates the integral of the difference function as a function of the offset. This function might have some interesting properties that could be used to guide Jones’s injection behavior. </span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal>Does anybody have any thoughts on Jones’s predicament? <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal>Not that I care, but still, <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal>Nick <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal>Nicholas S. Thompson<o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal>Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology<o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal>Clark University<o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal><a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http:%2F%2Fhome.earthlink.net%2F~nickthompson%2Fnaturaldesigns%2F&data=02%7C01%7Cjkennison%40clarku.edu%7Cb1d0995ee78b49a0e5f608d72a09a8de%7Cb5b2263d68aa453eb972aa1421410f80%7C1%7C0%7C637024093301850348&sdata=%2BeLnXgSkhJhirEWVI8foM4O0MfE5v1Yy89WBgzGdgGM%3D&reserved=0">http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/</a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=xmsonormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></body></html>