<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Aha, Nick! You have Curried the function!<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Having Ham and Eggs is a function.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Having Ham and Eggs given Having Eggs is a Curried function, which now turns on whether you have ham or not as its one argument.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div>Just to cause trouble,</div><div><br class=""></div><div>Eric</div><div><br class=""></div><div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Feb 10, 2021, at 1:41 PM, <<a href="mailto:thompnickson2@gmail.com" class="">thompnickson2@gmail.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:thompnickson2@gmail.com" class="">thompnickson2@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class="WordSection1" style="page: WordSection1; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">Frank,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">Is my ham sandwich example apt, or not?<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">N<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">Nick Thompson<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="mailto:ThompNickSon2@gmail.com" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193);" class="">ThompNickSon2@gmail.com</span></a><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=https%3a%2f%2fwordpress.clarku.edu%2fnthompson%2f&c=E,1,WSUPnF7Jhi76RqhC7BQyRt3UVaWfTN_l4mkoMi5l2QObh_1AFwjmDtjmqqjaGGwPP97nsORZJ8KfDzA-XM0NOHK4eyaBLYwFIQfGWN97shYwgi0,&typo=1" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(5, 99, 193);" class="">https://wordpress.clarku.edu/nthompson/</span></a><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: rgb(225, 225, 225); padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><b class="">From:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Friam <<a href="mailto:friam-bounces@redfish.com" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;" class="">friam-bounces@redfish.com</a>><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Frank Wimberly<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, February 10, 2021 11:38 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <<a href="mailto:friam@redfish.com" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;" class="">friam@redfish.com</a>><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [FRIAM] PM-2017-MethodologicalBehaviorismCausalChainsandCausalForks(1).pdf<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">"Screening off" is an informal term of art in causal reasoning. If A,B, and C are random variables, the Causal Markov Condition asserts that if A causes B and B causes C then knowing the value of A provides no information about the probability density of C over knowing the value of B.<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">It is also said that B screens off the causal effect of A on C.<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">I hope that helps,<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 12pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Frank<o:p class=""></o:p></p><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">---<br class="">Frank C. Wimberly<br class="">140 Calle Ojo Feliz,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">Santa Fe, NM 87505<br class=""><br class="">505 670-9918<br class="">Santa Fe, NM<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">On Wed, Feb 10, 2021, 10:07 AM <<a href="mailto:thompnickson2@gmail.com" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;" class="">thompnickson2@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><blockquote style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 1pt; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0in 0in 0in 6pt; margin-left: 4.8pt; margin-right: 0in;" class="" type="cite"><div class=""><div class=""><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Hi, All,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">If any of you had any spare brain time, I am interested in the attached<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:a6e9c10b-06dc-4ea1-8ffa-d450df62489a" target="_blank" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;" class="">VERY SHORT</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>article:<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">I am struggling here with the idea of "screening off". Does it mean more or less than the following: Granted that, If I had ham, and I had eggs, I would have ham and eggs, having eggs screens off having ham from having ham and eggs? Screening off seems a very odd metaphor. Is it a term of art in logic?<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Also, a general problem I have with causality: My understanding of causality is that event A can cause event B if and only if A is independently known from B (an event cannot cause itself) AND occurs prior to B Now imagine two perfectly meshed gears, such that motion in one is instantly conveyed to the other. I turn gear A and gear B turns. Has the motion in A<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i class="">caused</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the turning of B or has my turning of A caused the motion of B? With the gears, this may just seem like a fussy “in the limit” sort of question, but there seem to be other phenomena where it’s worth asking. Does the discharge of potential along the ionized (?) path CAUSE the lightning?<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">I realize that the rest of you have spouses, dogs, cats, hobbies, and day jobs, but any off hand thoughts you have on these matters would be greatly appreciated.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Nick<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">You can view "PM-2017-MethodologicalBehaviorismCausalChainsandCausalForks(1).pdf" at:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><a href="https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:a6e9c10b-06dc-4ea1-8ffa-d450df62489a" target="_blank" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;" class="">https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:a6e9c10b-06dc-4ea1-8ffa-d450df62489a</a><o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">________________<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="m8431425883601244752msoplaintext" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Sent with Adobe Document Cloud. 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