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p.MsoNormal,p.MsoNoSpacing{margin:0}</style></head><body><div style="font-family:Arial;">I am not, but will purchase and read asap.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">davew<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div>On Sat, May 8, 2021, at 12:30 AM, Steve Smith wrote:<br></div><blockquote type="cite" id="qt" style=""><p>Dave -<br></p><p>I think I have referenced these before  but your anecdotes here
      remind me of Jim Scott's "Against the Grain" and "The Art of Not
      Being Governed".  I wonder if you are familiar with any of his
      work?<br></p><p>- Steve<br></p><div class="qt-moz-cite-prefix">On 5/7/21 8:02 AM, Prof David West
      wrote:<br></div><blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:43290a23-cde1-4b1b-9742-e586e1fa2dae@www.fastmail.com"><div style="font-family:Arial;">Russ,<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Your intuition is partly correct:
        these societies, for the most part, were embedded in an
        extensive cultural web of kinship, norms, rituals, world-view —
        like any culture or any people. It appears to us that their
        culture was more pervasive, expressed more consistently, and
        "enforced" more dramatically, but that is not necessarily true.
        It would be the case that those participating in those cultures
        would not experience their culture as, in any way, oppressive.
        In fact, they would be just as oblivious to their culture as we
        are to our own.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">None of these cultures were
        authoritarian in any sense. Leadership was situational - a "war
        chief" when threatened, a "forager chief" during the harvest
        season. The only permanent leadership position would be the
        "shaman" who was, more often than not, female.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Some of the societies were
        hierarchical and authoritarian to some degree, like the Inca.
        But even they were able to establish and maintain a vast trading
        network from southern Chile to Meso-America and even into what
        is not the southwest US - all without money. Quiipu, knotted
        strings, recorded facts or information, like how much of what
        commodity was sent where by whom, but no concept of money or
        'exchange rate'.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">All of these societies were
        'brittle' in the sense that none of them survived encounter with
        European colonizers.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">If you ever have the inclination,
        explore water management on Bali. The indigenous culture
        allocated water among rice fields based on a complicated system
        of myths, rituals, and interpreted omens, a classical
        intra-cultural solution, The Dutch came along and implemented a
        "scientific" water management system and immediately lost 50% of
        rice production and initiated a decade of near starvation before
        they gave up and let the priests take over water management
        again.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Bali is an excellent example of
        how an optimum solution to a complex (in the SFI sense) problem
        "evolves" over generations of trial and error with successes
        preserved via myth and ritual.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">A related curiosity (for extra
        credit) — in every hunter-gatherer society of which anthropology
        is aware, the men hunt and the women gather.  To date, no one
        has been able to explain why. It cannot be explained by maternal
        roles or physical capacity. The range of theories proposed and
        debunked over the years is quite large and often very amusing.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">davew<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div>On Thu, May 6, 2021, at 10:20 AM, Russ Abbott wrote:<br></div><blockquote type="cite" id="qt-qt" style=""><div dir="ltr"><div class="qt-qt-gmail_default" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Thanks,
            David.<br></div><div class="qt-qt-gmail_default" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><br></div><div class="qt-qt-gmail_default" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">I
            have no background in <span style="color:rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:Arial;">Economic
                Anthropology</span></span></span><span style="color:rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:Arial;"> and
                am interested in hearing about societies that function
                effectively without something like money. My intuition
                (perhaps wrong) is that the only ways to make that work
                over extended periods are rigid societal structures
                (enforced, perhaps by powerful, well-established
                cultural norms) or force/power (as in authoritarian
                societies). In both cases, it seems likely (although,
                again, I could be wrong) that such societies will be
                quite static, inflexible, and brittle in the face of
                challenges. Are the societies you cite different from
                such paradigms?</span></span></span><br></div><div><div dir="ltr" class="qt-qt-gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><br></div><div class="qt-qt-gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="qt-qt-gmail_attr">On Thu, May 6, 2021 at
            7:30 AM Prof David West <<a href="mailto:profwest@fastmail.fm">profwest@fastmail.fm</a>>
            wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="qt-qt-gmail_quote" style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0.8ex;border-left-color:rgb(204, 204, 204);border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:1px;padding-left:1ex;"><div><br></div><div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Russ raised the question
                about alternatives to capitalism. A quick perusal of a
                good Economic Anthropology textbook can provide numerous
                examples. Many of which worked at a scale far greater
                than 150 people. Example: an Aboriginal economic system
                that incorporated multiple tribes in an area from the
                north coast of Australia to the interior of the
                continent; or, pre-Columbian Incas.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">These systems were
                established and maintained by being embedded in the
                overall culture: i.e. because of a vast web of kinship,
                inter-personal, obligation, concrete resources, myth,
                and ritual. In contrast, modern economic systems
                (capitalism or Marxism, or ...) are divorced from
                "reality" and exist in a world of abstractions.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Christopher Alexander
                illustrated this distinction with regard to architecture
                and the difference between what he called the
                selfconscious and the non-selfconscious process of
                building. In the latter, the knowledge of how to build
                and maintain a house, for example, was embedded in myth
                and ritual and "common sense knowledge." Ideal designs,
                ones adapted to the context — physical and cultural —
                evolved over time and preserved by being embedded in the
                culture.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Selfconscious design is
                epitomized by academic schools of architecture where
                abstract concepts of design arise and "good" design is
                judged by conformity to the abstractions and is divorced
                from reality.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Similarly with economic
                systems. The root of all evil is money which is an
                abstraction. How much "wealth" is grounded in
                abstractions of abstractions of abstractions in
                capitalist economic systems? Marxism might be marginally
                better than capitalism simply because it has never had
                the time an opportunity to develop the same kind of
                meta-abstraction structures that are prevalent in
                capitalism.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">Human evolved a left-brain
                and it is our ruination.<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;">davew<br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div style="font-family:Arial;"><br></div><div>On Thu, May 6, 2021, at 5:21 AM, David Eric Smith
                wrote:<br></div><blockquote type="cite" id="qt-qt-gmail-m_4702457482203201306qt"><div>Hi Pieter,<br></div><div><br></div><div>Not that it matters (to anything), but No, zero
                  support for Chomsky from me.<br></div><div><br></div><div>He is the archetype of a bully and a demagogue.  It
                  was his MO in linguistics his entire career, a field
                  that was susceptible to that sort of thing, and to
                  which he has done great harm.  It’s a shame, too,
                  because as you say, he is smart, and some of his early
                  ideas were interesting and insightful.  <br></div><div><br></div><div>That is not an ad hominem to the side, it is a
                  propos de his political writing.  I do think some of
                  his criticisms of the predatoriness of the American
                  system are correct, and they benefit from his
                  intelligence and energy.  But I think your criticism
                  that all he does is stand in judgment from the
                  sidelines and not bear human responsibility for what
                  happens when you get things wrong is just the right
                  one.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Have you noticed that there are some people who
                  seem deeply grounded in a concern for others’
                  wellbeing, and seem to work tirelessly to help?  I
                  have the impression that, for instance, Karen Bass (a
                  US congresswoman who was for a time considered for
                  Vice President) is such a person.  The best kind of
                  people who rise within civil rights movements and
                  causes.  I am struck by how often they have no
                  interest in blaming and judging; it is a distraction
                  from the work they are trying to do.<br></div><div><br></div><div>On the other side, there are people who choose
                  causes that may have righteous elements, but seem to
                  choose them for the reinforcement of identity it gives
                  them to stand in condemning judgment on others.  That
                  is all I can see in Chomsky.  It doesn’t mean
                  everything he says is wrong, and criticisms have a
                  place.  But a premise that there is any kind of
                  anarchism that doesn’t instantly get taken over by
                  gangs seems way too anti-empirical to be claimed as a
                  “smart” position.<br></div><div><br></div><div>But fair enough to argue the claims,<br></div><div><br></div><div>Eric<br></div><div><br></div><div><div><br></div><div><div><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div>On May 6, 2021, at 4:28 PM, Pieter Steenekamp
                        <<a href="mailto:pieters@randcontrols.co.za" target="_blank">pieters@randcontrols.co.za</a>>
                        wrote:<br></div><div><br></div><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>I have a little book On Anarchism by
                              Noam Chomsky. <br></div><div><br></div><div>Chomsky is IMO a very smart person and
                              it's maybe worthwhile to pay attention to
                              his ideas?<br></div><div><div><br></div><div>Although I don't want to reject his
                                ideas, my mind is open, I'm not
                                convinced it will work out as intended.
                                The problem is he offers anarchism as an
                                idea without specifics of how to
                                implement it and how the valid concerns
                                about it can be addressed.<br></div><div><br></div><div>At least, Chomsky's abhorrence of
                                capitalism will maybe find fertile
                                ground among some members of this group?<br></div></div></div><div><br></div><div><div dir="ltr">On Thu, 6 May 2021 at 08:34,
                              Russ Abbott <<a href="mailto:russ.abbott@gmail.com" target="_blank">russ.abbott@gmail.com</a>>
                              wrote:<br></div><blockquote style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0.8ex;border-left-color:rgb(204, 204, 204);border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:1px;padding-left:1ex;"><div dir="auto">Eric, You explained many
                                of the problems in much more depth and
                                detail than I did. Well done. Thanks.<br></div><div><br></div><div><div dir="ltr">On Wed, May 5, 2021, 4:46
                                  PM David Eric Smith <<a href="mailto:desmith@santafe.edu" target="_blank">desmith@santafe.edu</a>>
                                  wrote:<br></div><blockquote style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0.8ex;border-left-color:rgb(204, 204, 204);border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:1px;padding-left:1ex;"><div><div>Yes, agreed, Russ, with
                                      amendments.<br></div><div><br></div><div>I wrote some long awful thing
                                      on this yesterday and had the good
                                      manners to delete without sending.<br></div><div><br></div><div>I think capitalism isn’t even
                                      about money; there are two issues:
                                      capitalist property rights and
                                      monetary or financial layers in
                                      the economy.<br></div><div><br></div><div>I know Glen doesn’t like the
                                      terms “means of production”, but
                                      we can capture a big subset with
                                      an everyday term like “tools”. 
                                      Tools are durable things, built at
                                      cost with the intent that they can
                                      be repeatedly used.  They are not
                                      a monetary store of value, but
                                      they are, in other material
                                      senses, a store of
                                      transformational power over things
                                      one wants to transform.<br></div><div><br></div><div>But as soon as there is a tool,
                                      there is a decision problem over
                                      how it can be used and by whom.  I
                                      think “ownership rights” is the
                                      name we give to any solution to
                                      (meaning, “commitment to some
                                      protocol for”) that problem.  With
                                      ownership then comes at least an
                                      incentive, and in many real,
                                      limited-information settings, a
                                      realized ability, for the de facto
                                      owner of a tool to guide where the
                                      productive output using the tool
                                      goes.  It’s kind of the default
                                      basic-layer dynamic that follows
                                      from tool creation and tool
                                      ownership.  We can understand how
                                      tricky that instability can be to
                                      manage from study of these
                                      intricate and fancy mechanisms in
                                      hunter-gatherer societies to blunt
                                      the concentration of power
                                      (arrow-sharing that guides who
                                      gets meat; the kind of thing Sam
                                      Bowles studies).  Ownership
                                      provides a channel for itself to
                                      concentrate, and to concentrate
                                      other things (obliquely, referring
                                      to “wealth” by whatever measure). 
                                      That seems to me the essence of
                                      the capitalist problem, which then
                                      takes various forms depending on
                                      social institutional choices.<br></div><div><br></div><div>It seems to me that we don’t
                                      want to give up tools, so we can’t
                                      give up the problem of committing
                                      to some solution for ownership,
                                      and with that, we have to face up
                                      to the complex problem of
                                      regulating against the tendency of
                                      ownership to concentrate its de
                                      facto power by redirecting the
                                      proceeds of things produced.<br></div><div><br></div><div>This is why I don’t buy, as an
                                      empirical matter, Pieter’s
                                      optimism about things’ becoming
                                      too cheap to meter.  In some ways,
                                      and in projections to some
                                      dimensions, yes, that is a fair
                                      description.  Computer operating
                                      systems used to be
                                      pay-per-version, now many are
                                      free.  Communication used to be
                                      charge-per-use, now much of it is
                                      paid for by advertising (“free”
                                      only in an extreme distortion of
                                      what dimensions carry value, but
                                      nonetheless one that has taken
                                      most people some years to become
                                      aware of).  But the very way the
                                      rise of the concentration of
                                      wealth in the Tech sector before,
                                      and even more grotesquely so
                                      during the pandemic, is raising
                                      all the old arguments about the
                                      capitalist class, seems to me to
                                      show even in quite abstract
                                      domains of information and
                                      coordination services, that tool
                                      ownership has default
                                      instabilities that always act
                                      unless we can find effective
                                      regulatory strategies to blunt
                                      them.<br></div><div><br></div><div>In this sense I think Glen does
                                      make the most important point,
                                      which is that if there is a strong
                                      argument about UBI, its context is
                                      overwhelmingly about the problem
                                      that innovations in absolute
                                      output seem always coupled to
                                      concentrations of inequality. 
                                      Relative to that, almost
                                      everything Shapiro said in that
                                      piece was tropes that, at 15
                                      places in the short talk, gave me
                                      an internal impulse to go cite the
                                      person who shows they are tropes
                                      by providing the good-faith and
                                      well thought-out counterargument. 
                                      It is a bit sad that Yang doesn’t
                                      feel able (and maybe isn’t able)
                                      to take that bull by the horns and
                                      say that this is where the UBI
                                      question lives.  <br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>To me, money is a somewhat
                                      separate question: a mechanism for
                                      the distribution of permissions,
                                      communication, authority, etc.,
                                      which makes certain coordination
                                      problems tractable that otherwise
                                      wouldn’t be.  I don’t think we
                                      want to give up the ability to use
                                      that, and even if some did, so
                                      many others don’t that there
                                      probably is no path for society
                                      that keeps it gone.  But, as many
                                      in the thread have so well said
                                      already, money is a terrible
                                      dimension-reducer, and the
                                      problems of “store of
                                      transformation power” that come
                                      with tool ownership, then take on
                                      new versions as “store of value”
                                      which is a kind of exchangeable
                                      access to ownership rights over
                                      everything.  But again, if we
                                      either can’t or (I will accept the
                                      position of) don’t want to give up
                                      what it allows us to do, we again
                                      face the complexity and difficulty
                                      of inventing or evolving (in
                                      whatever combinations) regulatory
                                      strategies to try to limits its
                                      default instabilities.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Anyway, to say I agree with
                                      Russ’s motivation to push this
                                      point.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Eric<br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><div><br></div><div><div><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div>On May 6, 2021, at 8:15
                                            AM, Russ Abbott <<a href="mailto:russ.abbott@gmail.com" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">russ.abbott@gmail.com</a>>
                                            wrote:<br></div><div><br></div><div><div dir="ltr"><div><span style="color:rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style=""><span class="qt-size" style=""><span class="size" style="font-size:small;">Earlie</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>r,
                                                uǝlƃ ↙↙↙ said:<span style="color:rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style=""><span class="qt-size" style=""><span class="size" style="font-size:small;"> If
                                                          we're stuck
                                                          with
                                                          capitalism,
                                                          then I'm for
                                                          UBI. If we can
                                                          get out from
                                                          under
                                                          capitalism,
                                                          then I'm not.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">  </span></span></span><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Nick
                                                    added: </span></span></span>it
                                                is the "triumph" of
                                                capitalism to reduce all
                                                relationships to money. <br></div><div><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span></span><br></div><div><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">I
                                                    wonder if this is
                                                    not assuming that
                                                    there is an
                                                    alternative to what
                                                    you are calling <i>capitalism</i>. </span></span></span><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">A</span></span></span><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">s </span></span></span>uǝlƃ
                                                ↙↙↙ points out<span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">,
                                                    co-ops can work on
                                                    relatively small
                                                    scales, </span></span></span><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">but if
                                                    we are going to live
                                                    in groups of larger
                                                    than ~150 people,
                                                    how are you
                                                    imagining that we
                                                    will arrange
                                                    interactions without
                                                    something like
                                                    money? Even on small
                                                    scales, how will a
                                                    collective </span></span></span><span><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">without
                                                      money </span></span></span></span><span><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span class="font" style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">organize
                                                      itself in anything
                                                      other than a very
                                                      static structure?
                                                      And on larger
                                                      scales, what is
                                                      the organizing
                                                      principle other
                                                      than power? It's
                                                      not clear to me
                                                      how an alternative
                                                      that </span></span></span></span>uǝlƃ
                                                ↙↙↙ is supposing
                                                possible will actually
                                                work. 
                                                uǝlƃ ↙↙↙, would you mind
                                                elaborating what you
                                                have in mind?<br></div><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span></span><br></div><div dir="ltr"><span></span><span style="color:rgb(33, 33, 33);line-height:24.75px;"><span style=""><span class="qt-font" style=""><span style=""><span class="qt-size" style=""><span class="size" style="font-size:16.5px;"></span></span></span></span></span></span>--
                                                          Russ Abbott 
                                                            <br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><br></div><div><div dir="ltr">On Wed, May
                                                5, 2021 at 2:17 PM jon
                                                zingale <<a href="mailto:jonzingale@gmail.com" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">jonzingale@gmail.com</a>>
                                                wrote:<br></div><blockquote style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0.8ex;border-left-color:rgb(204, 204, 204);border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:1px;padding-left:1ex;"><div>Yeah, I think it is
                                                  safe to say that "huge
                                                  costs" are a sign of
                                                  progress in<br></div><div>the same sense that
                                                  smoke is a sign of
                                                  fire.<br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>--<br></div><div>Sent from: <a href="http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/" rel="noreferrer
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