<div dir="ltr">Let's hope they are a bit more wise in managing the wildfires in the future than they were in the 20th century.<br><br><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/14/california-fire-suppression-forests-tinderbox">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/14/california-fire-suppression-forests-tinderbox</a><br><br><p class="gmail-css-10j7zqa" style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:0px 0px 1rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-ligatures:common-ligatures;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.5;font-family:GuardianTextEgyptian,"Guardian Text Egyptian Web",Georgia,serif;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(18,18,18);background-color:rgb(254,249,245)"><span class="gmail-css-cw340e" style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 4px 0px 0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:2.625rem;line-height:1.15;font-family:"GH Guardian Headline","Guardian Egyptian Web",Georgia,serif;vertical-align:baseline;float:left;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgb(224,94,0)"><span class="gmail-css-o4cepu" style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:0px 4px 0px 0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:118px;line-height:99px;vertical-align:text-top">B</span></span><span class="gmail-css-10j7zqa" style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:0px 0px 1rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:baseline">efore this unprecedented era of mega-blazes on the US west coast, California’s forests had a canny, ingenious way of avoiding destructive worst-case forest fire scenarios. By periodically removing the grasses, shrubs and young trees – known as the forest understory – <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/california" style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;border-width:0px 0px 1px;border-top-style:initial;border-right-style:initial;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-style:initial;border-top-color:initial;border-right-color:initial;border-bottom-color:rgb(220,220,220);border-left-color:initial;font:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration-line:none;color:rgb(203,71,0)">California</a> avoided fires growing to destructive intensities before the 20th century. The way this was done? Fire.</span></p><p class="gmail-css-10j7zqa" style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:0px 0px 1rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant-ligatures:common-ligatures;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.5;font-family:GuardianTextEgyptian,"Guardian Text Egyptian Web",Georgia,serif;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(18,18,18);background-color:rgb(254,249,245)">Every five to 15 years, groundfires would burn through the forest, killing off the undergrowth on a regular basis, thus removing the material that can act as tinder and kindle fires. Such groundfires were sparked by lightning or by indigenous people who used sophisticated burning practices to facilitate crop growing and hunting. Because the fires occurred frequently, the understory rarely had time to build up enough combustible material for the fires to reach the canopies of the mature trees – which is what causes the large, devastating fires we are seeing now. As a result, overstory trees might get wounded by the groundfires, but they would rarely get killed.</p></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, 25 May 2021 at 10:22, Jochen Fromm <<a href="mailto:jofr@cas-group.net">jofr@cas-group.net</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto">Due to climate change there will be more and more wildfires in California, Arizona and New Mexico in the coming years. Drones could help to detect wildfires early.</div><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/sensors/remote-sensing/drones-sensors-wildfire-detection" target="_blank">https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/sensors/remote-sensing/drones-sensors-wildfire-detection</a><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">-J.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div></div>- .... . -..-. . -. -.. -..-. .. ... -..-. .... . .-. .<br>
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