<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Thanks Steve, yes,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I did want to acknowledge some weeks ago, when you mentioned that you had a Leopold connection through your Father’s life and work.  It is good to have another post to which I can respond, to acknowledge that you have been heard.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Eric</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jul 7, 2021, at 12:14 AM, Steve Smith <<a href="mailto:sasmyth@swcp.com" class="">sasmyth@swcp.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="">
  
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" class="">
  
  <div class=""><p class="">EricS -</p><p class="">Great and elaborate response to Merle's points/questions as
      posited.   I'm probably less versed in the jargon that you address
      than you are, certainly after your dive into it for this
      response.   <br class="">
    </p><p class="">Your reference to "Soil and Health" and Leopold's life's work
      reminded me that my own father was trained up (as much as anyone
      might be) in the 40's into the 50's on the best ecological
      understanding of the time, ultimately in pursuit of Forest and
      Range Management (USDA/USFS style) and conveyed to me the
      underlying structure/dynamics of a "circular ecology", yet somehow
      this eluded him entirely when he embraced Reagan's "trickle down"
      economics in the 80s.   He went on to be a Rush Limbaugh and
      Fox/Faux News fan.  What would Aldo think of all that?  The tie
      between ecology and economy is so evident that perhaps it is easy
      to miss?</p><p class="">I liked particularly your point about the Buddhist premise that
      "misery is not a goal".   When I first heard of a "donut" economy,
      my mind went straight to a torus, not an annulus, and imputed lots
      of possible complex structures elaborating "circular" into things
      like helices on the surface of a torus.   Alas, I was
      overthinking.   I *don't* know what to think about your
      observation (assertion) that our human population may well exceed
      the carrying capacity *even* on the inner boundary of the
      annulus.   For me this, suggests that we are not thinking smart
      enough.  I don't dispute that human population has risen to an
      extravagant level and that we may well be simply overwhelming the
      petri dish that is the earth systems.  <br class="">
    </p><p class="">What I want to explore is whether our first world,
      high-technology view of "minimum necessary for comfort" is biased
      toward fundamentally usurious/exploitative sub-systems?   I drive
      an EV (2011 Chevy Volt) because I was raised in a car-culture
      which takes it for granted that a 200+ lb human needs a 3000-6000
      lb shell of steel and glass wrapped around them while they hurtle
      through the air at 60+mph for 10 or 20 or 50 miles each way to go
      to work or fetch a quart of milk.  I take for granted that the
      electric grid (in my case operated by Jemez Valley Electric Coop
      that came to be *after* WWII) is an infinite source of power for
      me to draw from *to* provide motive force (and AC/Heat/Stereo) to
      hurtle along with the greatest of ease.   I often ignore the fact
      that said Electric Grid spins turbines in a dam just upriver from
      me in Abiquiu Lake, lowering the water levels even more than
      perhaps irrigation alone would require.  Even more acutely, my
      suck on the grid spins turbines in the coal-fired plant in the 4
      corners area, spewing sulfurous smoke and CO2 into the already
      overburdened atmosphere.   Some here (and many elsewhere) will
      insist that we have not *begun* to load the atmosphere/biosphere
      overmuch, but *most* scientists will disagree strongly with that
      position.   Yet, I glibly treat the 40 miles of range my (extended
      range) EV gives me as "free lunch".   I sometimes make up an
      excuse to run to the store, just to run the batteries down so I
      can refill them overnight for *more free lunch*.   Tell that to
      the people living under the cloud of smoke, or experiencing the
      subsidence of the land from the water drawn to sluice the coal
      from Kayenta to Kaipowarowitz, etc.  <br class="">
    </p><p class="">I also grow a few vegetables in my sunroom/backyard and keep a
      few chickens to turn my ragweed into high-quality egg-protein...
      but I *still* purchase an inestimable amount of food (and other)
      products at my local grocery which definitely doesn't source
      locally.   I'm sucking as hard at the California Central Valley
      aquifer as I am at the one under Kayenta, AZ.   And the plastic
      accretion in the Pacific Gyre?  I doubt I am clean of that
      either.  For every 1000 grocery bags I return to the store or
      stuff neatly inside one another before sending to the landfill, at
      least one probably finds it's way there.  And if not there, it is
      surely caught on the barbed wire of a fence somewhere nearby.  I
      see them all the time... I'm *sure* they are *somebody else's*
      trash, not mine!</p><p class="">Regarding the solutions we have spent centuries (millennia) to
      build, I'm very much with you.  The genome does not discard old
      tricks easily...   they may disappear entirely through some kind
      of attrition via disuse, but little is discarded, no matter how
      much is redacted or elided from use in any given epoch.    This is
      why I'm a fan of alternative wisdoms (vaguely similar to DaveW's
      position perhaps)...   whether it is the Eastern portfolio
      (Taoism, Confusionism, Vedism, Buddhism, etc) or the Ibrahamics
      and their precursors (Zoroaster anyone?) or the divine Feminine or
      the myriad Pantheons of yore.   I'm not a crystal-gazer by any
      means, but that does not mean I can entirely dismiss the myriad
      ideas and perspectives that come from the (presumed) fringe.</p><p class="">I also appreciate your point about "development", but with the
      ever-standing caveat of "developing what" and "toward what
      goal/end/values?".   I contend that Science is about "asking the
      right question" ever so much more than "finding the best
      answer".   We are on the cusp of (yet another)
      reformulation/refactoring of many of the questions we thought were
      "the right ones".   In the 80's for example, my engineering brain
      was busy noodling on how/whether our fossil-fuel economy could
      achieve zero net pollution by somehow magically transforming HC
      chains and atmospheric O2 into pure H2O and CO2.   Surely someone
      besides Exxon knew that releasing all that dinosaur juice into the
      atmosphere was going to lead to global-scale problems?   I was
      blithely (belligerently) not-listening until at least a decade or
      two after I *could* have heard the early warning system going
      off.   After our visit to Sweden in 2019, I was taken by Tomas
      Bjorkland's (Iskaret Institute) writings, including "the Nordic
      Secret" which by title sounded like some kind of Nazi apologism,
      but instead turned out to be a glimpse into what "cultural
      development"  through "individual development" might look like.  
      I don't think it is "the answer", but as "an answer" it might
      gesture toward "the right question" regarding individual/cultural
      development.  <br class="">
    </p><p class="">A strong complementary perspective to the myriad variants of our
      "economies" is the "gratitude economy" as demonstrated through
      hundreds of anecdotes, personal and cultural, in Robin Wall
      Kimmerer's writings (in particular <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/17465709-braiding-sweetgrass" class="">Braiding
        Sweetgrass</a>).  Instead of exchanging goods and services based
      on a sense of "what is in it for me", she outlines a perspective
      of "I've already recieved my gift from the
      world/universe/community, what can I give back in return out of
      gratitude" vs the variations on straight bartering, or keeping
      ledgers or exchanging tokens of IOU/UoweMe valuation.</p><p class="">I loved the imagery of Locke and Hume escorting Melville's
      ship.   It is relevant that Melville's work represents the "first
      oil boom" which presaged (and was a precursor to) the fossil fuel
      boom that fueled and lubricated the modern industrial revolution.</p><p class="">- Steve<br class="">
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 7/5/21 3:57 PM, David Eric Smith
      wrote:<br class="">
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:3421CDC1-EF30-4C73-808D-11E41EBB3BED@santafe.edu" class="">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" class="">
      Hi Merle,
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class="">The terms you cite are not jargon for me so I will
        lack the familiarity with the social circle that uses them today
        that you have.</div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class="">The priorities under the name “circular economy”
        sound like things I know through readings like Sir Albert
        Howard’s The Soil and Health, which Howard structures around
        what he calls “the law of return”, or points made by Aldo
        Leopold in A Sand County Almanac.  The feeds I have had on this
        come mainly through people at the Leopold Center for sustainable
        ag at Iowa State, which the Rs finally managed to completely cut
        off from any public support in 2017, effectively killing it off
        after many decades in which it was a paradigm maker.  In some
        sense one would consider this the commonsense foundation of all
        understanding of ecology, and the premise that any long-term
        sustainable economy must have this aspect of ecological design.
         So I tend to take these as a common starting point for
        discussion, and want to get to the places we get snagged of
        stuck, which keep us from following them out.</div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class="">On Doughnut, I see from Wikipedia the paper for
        Oxfam from which the term was coined.  The parts of that that I
        think I have spent the most time on are the steady-staters, like
        Herman Daly (who is the Doyen as far as it has been presented to
        me) and then later-generation followers of mostly-Herman’s
        ideas, like Joshua Farley or Peter Victor. But I think there is
        a very large community of steady-staters now, and all of them
        would also take as their premise the start in planetary
        boundaries.  I think they also would follow a sort of Buddhist
        practicality that misery is not a goal; one wants enough
        sustenance to not be in material desperation as a starting
        point, though with too-large population even the realizability
        of that becomes debatable.</div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class="">I tend not to prefer throwing out things that took
        centuries to build, as solutions to other problems that we
        forget when we no longer live under them, as beyond reform and
        incorrigible.  (RBG’s throwing away the umbrella because you are
        not getting wet.)  I won’t use keywords like Bretton Woods
        because I lack the depth to understand the implications that go
        into them in the current political discourse.  But education for
        skills, including difficult, narrow, or abstract ones, is
        something that I think contributes to a good life and not
        something I want to lose.  </div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class="">If I had to summarize my own view of the goal and
        the problem, I would probably start by saying there are three
        resources available (referring to individual people) but needing
        investment to develop: talent, character, and preparation.  To
        really get the best life and community out of talent, we need
        large diversity of opportunities at all stages, because talent
        undiscovered through experience never even has a chance to get
        developed.  Then we also need many choice-points to change
        tracks, so that talents that can get recognized in any of the
        vast diversity of areas where people could have them can then be
        followed out.  Character and community and those things are
        probably not so much in need of system design, as of cultural
        reinforcement along lines that are broadly appreciated in
        long-standing traditional discourse.  Preparation requires
        design of whole life-course pipelines, and that again is an
        institutional matter.  It is good to recognize that talents and
        character have independent existence from preparation, but would
        be very wrong to suppose that preparation doesn’t matter.
         Trying to affirmative-action our way to some better solution at
        a few points in higher ed, in a society that creates vastly
        unequal opportunities across the whole developmental course,
        limits the best outcomes we can get.  It reminds me of using
        medications to manage diabetes and heart disease, rather than
        having a life and a diet that don’t create those diseases in the
        first place.  The medications are better than morbidity and
        mortality, but a long life of medicated ill-health is not what
        we should settle for.  The universities try to reach back and
        support other ed levels here and there, which again counts for
        something.  But ultimately what is required is a public
        commitment, and the universities alone are too small to have
        control over what needs to be moved.</div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class="">In looking at the reviews to the two books on
        Meritocracy, I felt like I was back in Moby Dick, reading
        Melville’s summary of Locke and Hume as two whales on either
        side of the ship.  Would be good to read them both.  Would be
        good to have breathing space to read anything….</div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class="">Eric</div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
      </div>
      <div class=""><br class="">
        <div class=""><br class="">
          <blockquote type="cite" class="">
            <div class="">On Jul 6, 2021, at 6:06 AM, Merle Lefkoff <<a href="mailto:merlelefkoff@gmail.com" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">merlelefkoff@gmail.com</a>>
              wrote:</div>
            <br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
            <div class="">
              <div dir="ltr" class="">
                <div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">David, you have
                  highlighted education as a problem to "solve" within
                  our present economic system.  It's too late to "fix"
                  the Bretton Woods system.  We have to build a new one,
                  which opens up many adjacent possibilities that are
                  now beyond reach. What do you think about the new
                  models (not really new but possibly transitional) like
                  the "Circular economy" or the "Doughnut economy"?</div>
                <div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br class="">
                </div>
                <div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"> ideas</div>
              </div>
              <br class="">
              <div class="gmail_quote">
                <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Jul 5, 2021 at
                  1:02 PM David Eric Smith <<a href="mailto:desmith@santafe.edu" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">desmith@santafe.edu</a>>
                  wrote:<br class="">
                </div>
                <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px
                  0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                  <div style="word-wrap:break-word;line-break:after-white-space" class="">Merle, 
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">From what I have read or heard, the
                      return in benefit per cost for social mobility is
                      much higher for community colleges than for even
                      state-school university-style higher-ed, and their
                      costs have (I think) remained fairly contained. 
                      So if we were to ask where we could spend money
                      now and help a lot without the delays and
                      wrestling of a system restructure, that seems to
                      be a sure one.</div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">I was concerned that for higher ed as
                      for medical stuff, public funding is only
                      achievable sustainably if it is done together with
                      reduction of costs.  This was what bothered me in
                      the sound-bite level descriptions during the
                      presidential campaigns, though as I understand
                      e.g. Sanders’s current position, he is advocating
                      for community colleges at least for now, so
                      reasonable.  I am reluctant to support public
                      payment of a thoroughly corrupted system, because
                      that just ratifies and bankrolls it, which is
                      where we have been in agriculture for so many
                      decades.  </div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">EricC’s note was for me very helpful,
                      but it throws me back into a confusion.  If
                      need-based aid is the main driver of cost
                      inflation, and the need-based aid is what we are
                      trying to keep, then what are the elements we can
                      change to remove needless costs?  I think back to
                      the fact that I paid about 12k/year as an
                      undergrad, in the middle 1980s, for an education
                      that was arguably as good as could be had anywhere
                      in the world.  I had 2k/year scholarships through
                      my mother’s company, which seemed a lot to me (as
                      a kid from nowhere who knew nothing), and I could
                      earn 3k in a summer doing simple technical work
                      for a land surveyor.  Add another 4k/year in
                      loans, and the remainder was a payment my parents
                      could afford.  (I remember, though, years of rage
                      by my father toward the end of my high school,
                      when he was terrified it would be an amount he
                      could not afford.)  When I read that state schools
                      are routinely costing 65k/year sticker price, and
                      the private non-profits even worse, I don’t know
                      how to get my head around what-all has been built
                      in such a different way that it drives all those
                      costs but seems an inoperable disease, infused
                      throughout the patient.  Some is just dollar
                      value-reduction, but when I hear about a whole
                      generation of kids coming out of school with
                      hundreds of k$ loans, it seems completely
                      incomparable to the 12-13k I had, with deferred
                      interest accrual, and which I could pay back out
                      of a graduate TA stipend if I was very frugal, by
                      about the time I got out of grad school.  So I
                      didn’t even end up paying an interest overhead on
                      it.  </div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">I would be dismayed to see the
                      discussion go back into the conventional
                      sound-bites of “too much regulation”, though I
                      believe most university administrators will assert
                      that is a large source.  I don’t rule out that
                      regulatory bloat and bad design is a problem,
                      though I am inclined to view it more as I would
                      view software bloat and bad design: we understand
                      what priorities drive it, but that doesn’t mean
                      either that there isn’t a need for some kinds, nor
                      does it imply that under different priorities it
                      could be done better.</div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">Would be good to see a nuts-and-bolts
                      comparison of system elements across countries, to
                      see what can be different and how cost and
                      performance are affected by each change.</div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">Eric</div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                      <div class=""><br class="">
                        <blockquote type="cite" class="">
                          <div class="">On Jul 6, 2021, at 4:14 AM,
                            Merle Lefkoff <<a href="mailto:merlelefkoff@gmail.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">merlelefkoff@gmail.com</a>>
                            wrote:</div>
                          <br class="">
                          <div class="">
                            <div dir="ltr" class="">
                              <div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Am
                                I the only one who thinks all higher
                                education (before grad school--and maybe
                                even that too) should be free in a rich
                                democratic (sort of) society?  I'm not
                                sure how to avoid the issue of who gets
                                to go--merit is the sticky wicket.  I
                                also think we need to re-institute the
                                draft.  Both of these initiatives might
                                help to even things out.</div>
                            </div>
                            <br class="">
                            <div class="gmail_quote">
                              <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon,
                                Jul 5, 2021 at 10:38 AM Barry MacKichan
                                <<a href="mailto:barry.mackichan@mackichan.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">barry.mackichan@mackichan.com</a>>
                                wrote:<br class="">
                              </div>
                              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                                <div class="">
                                  <div style="font-family:sans-serif" class="">
                                    <div style="white-space:normal" class=""><p dir="auto" class="">I can
                                        endorse both Sandel’s <em class="">Tyrrany of Merit</em>
                                        and Wilkerson’s <em class="">Caste</em>.
                                        Also I highly recommend
                                        Wilkerson’s earlier book, <em class="">The Warmth of Other
                                          Suns</em> about the great
                                        migration in the early 20th
                                        century of blacks from the south
                                        to the north and California. An
                                        interesting factoid is how
                                        important Lordsburg was to those
                                        going to California.</p><p dir="auto" class="">I haven’t
                                        decided what to <em class="">do</em>
                                        with the knowledge I got from
                                        these books, but it is hard to
                                        ignore it.</p><p dir="auto" class="">—Barry</p><p dir="auto" class="">On 2 Jul
                                        2021, at 21:33, <a href="mailto:thompnickson2@gmail.com" style="color:rgb(57,131,196)" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">thompnickson2@gmail.com</a>
                                        wrote:</p>
                                    </div>
                                    <blockquote style="border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(119,119,119);color:rgb(119,119,119);margin:0px
                                      0px 5px;padding-left:5px" class="">
                                      <div id="gmail-m_4633321903670590337gmail-m_6929139786489886351B001E661-64D8-4103-9558-B476519A4D55" class="">
                                        <div style="word-wrap:break-word" class="" lang="EN-US">
                                          <div class="">
                                            <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">EricS, </div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">Have you looked
                                              at Sandel’s <b class=""><i class="">Tyranny of
                                                  Merit</i></b> or
                                              Wilkerson’s <b class=""><i class="">Caste</i></b>?</div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">If on thinks hard
                                              enough about “merit” it
                                              becomes deeply confusing. 
                                              The idea of Merit is
                                              something that I got on my
                                              own, right?  So working
                                              back from now to birth
                                              whence exactly did I get
                                              that merit.  Even what I
                                              got from my genes was
                                              random right.  At what
                                              point do get to embrace my
                                              merit as of my own
                                              making?  So far as me,
                                              myself, is concerned, it’s
                                              all luck all the way down.
                                              That is what the
                                              declaration of
                                              independence means when it
                                              says that all [humans] are
                                              created equal.  </div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">Nick</div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            <div class="">
                                              <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">Nick Thompson</div>
                                              <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""><a href="mailto:ThompNickSon2@gmail.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:rgb(5,99,193)" class="">ThompNickSon2@gmail.com</span></a></div>
                                              <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""><a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=https%3a%2f%2fwordpress.clarku.edu%2fnthompson%2f&c=E,1,JGErGkFl3ZxOjIrrCAWIDis3A-4siD3v0vD4Vy5pAIDRs0ZmqGQayWNy46xHObGTWmcFkB_B1O7Xgwn2h6Yw1GzH_9o1oPAfEBH2Zuhg-y-OT5fkrEZbplU,&typo=1" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:rgb(5,99,193)" class="">https://wordpress.clarku.edu/nthompson/</span></a></div>
                                            </div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            <div class="">
                                              <div style="border-style:solid
                                                none
                                                none;border-top-width:1pt;border-top-color:rgb(225,225,225);padding:3pt
                                                0in 0in" class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""><b class="">From:</b>
                                                  Friam <<a href="mailto:friam-bounces@redfish.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">friam-bounces@redfish.com</a>>
                                                  <b class="">On Behalf
                                                    Of </b>David Eric
                                                  Smith<br class="">
                                                  <b class="">Sent:</b>
                                                  Friday, July 2, 2021
                                                  7:47 PM<br class="">
                                                  <b class="">To:</b>
                                                  The Friday Morning
                                                  Applied Complexity
                                                  Coffee Group <<a href="mailto:friam@redfish.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">friam@redfish.com</a>><br class="">
                                                  <b class="">Subject:</b>
                                                  Re: [FRIAM] of straw
                                                  and steel</div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">I think there is
                                              some version of this for
                                              college tuitions, too,
                                              though I am partly
                                              muddy-headed and what I
                                              say next will probably
                                              fail the logical map at
                                              some points.</div>
                                            <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="">
                                              <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">The general
                                                idea is some combination
                                                of what is in Ginsberg’s
                                                book</div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="">
                                              <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Fall-Faculty-Benjamin-Ginsberg/dp/0199975434" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.amazon.com/Fall-Faculty-Benjamin-Ginsberg/dp/0199975434</a></div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="">
                                              <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">but even more
                                                so in some article I
                                                read in J. Higher Ed or
                                                something (which I have
                                                not succeeded in finding
                                                and I need now for other
                                                projects), to the effect
                                                that:</div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="">
                                              <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">1. There is
                                                been a massive
                                                cumulative re-allocation
                                                of money out of
                                                need-based grants and to
                                                merit-based scholarships
                                                over the past 40 years
                                                or so.</div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">2. Sounds
                                                  good, of course: who
                                                  could be against
                                                  rewarding merit.</div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">3. Except
                                                  that, de facto, what
                                                  one largely rewards is
                                                  preparation, which is
                                                  a proxy for parental
                                                  wealth and membership
                                                  in one of the
                                                  culture’s preferred
                                                  classes, races,
                                                  regions, or
                                                  what-have-you.  The
                                                  part of this that I am
                                                  pretty sure is in
                                                  Ginsberg is also
                                                  fishing for parental
                                                  wealth by building
                                                  snazzy student
                                                  centers, on-campus
                                                  water parks, etc.  All
                                                  that at enormous
                                                  cost.  The punchline
                                                  of all this is that
                                                  WHEN THE BUSINESSMEN
                                                  TAKE OVER THE CONCEPT
                                                  OF THE UNIVERSITY, THE
                                                  UNIVERSITY BECOMES A
                                                  BUSINESS.  So, monies
                                                  spent, such as tuition
                                                  deferment whether
                                                  called grant or
                                                  scholarships, is in
                                                  their worldview
                                                  VENTURE CAPITAL.
                                                   (That was what was in
                                                  the JHE article.)  And
                                                  the return that
                                                  venture capital is
                                                  seeking is parental
                                                  tuition money.</div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">So how does
                                                  this map to Glen’s
                                                  EricC’s comments: The
                                                  nominal tuition is
                                                  very high (4x what it
                                                  was in the 1970s, per
                                                  faculty actually
                                                  teaching or doing
                                                  research).  That high
                                                  tuition isn’t actually
                                                  cost-received from
                                                  most parents, because
                                                  a significant fraction
                                                  of it was spent either
                                                  giving their kids
                                                  scholarships, building
                                                  water parks and
                                                  student centers, or
                                                  whatever.  However: if
                                                  they had given it in
                                                  need-based grants,
                                                  they wouldn’t be
                                                  getting _anything_
                                                  from the parents.  So
                                                  in the businessman’s
                                                  world, the investment
                                                  gathered a maximized
                                                  monetary profit, which
                                                  was the criterion for
                                                  how to make it.  </div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">As in EricC’s
                                                  point below, there
                                                  will be some very rich
                                                  parents with kids so
                                                  lazy or dull that they
                                                  aren’t well-prepared
                                                  even with
                                                  opportunities, so one
                                                  can’t give them
                                                  scholarships, and
                                                  those will pay the
                                                  sticker price.  Those
                                                  are the ones who buy
                                                  the article at $19, or
                                                  medical products or
                                                  services at list
                                                  price.  High profit
                                                  but small margin on
                                                  them.</div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">In all the
                                                  recent and ongoing
                                                  conversations about
                                                  tuition jubilee or
                                                  free college in the
                                                  US, I worry that
                                                  everything real and
                                                  solvable gets ruled
                                                  out before we ever
                                                  start, because the
                                                  above characterization
                                                  of the real business
                                                  model isn’t front and
                                                  center.  Not very
                                                  different for medical
                                                  products and services
                                                  (I am trying not to
                                                  use the completely
                                                  bleached expression
                                                  “health care”), though
                                                  that has been around
                                                  long enough that a
                                                  fuller story is not so
                                                  uncommon to find.</div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">It is right
                                                  that we have mortgaged
                                                  a whole generation of
                                                  kids with unplayable
                                                  tuition loans, and
                                                  probably somebody
                                                  should eat that cost. 
                                                  Kind of like when
                                                  German banks bought
                                                  junk mortgage bonds in
                                                  the US, they should
                                                  actually have been
                                                  allowed to fail for
                                                  having not done due
                                                  diligence, rather than
                                                  being bailed out by a
                                                  government that then
                                                  had to get the money
                                                  to float them by
                                                  leaning on somebody
                                                  else (the Irish, the
                                                  Italians).  That of
                                                  course doesn’t really
                                                  work for the reasons
                                                  correctly given in
                                                  Minsky’s Ratchet</div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Stabilizing-Unstable-Economy-Hyman-Minsky/dp/0071592997" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.amazon.com/Stabilizing-Unstable-Economy-Hyman-Minsky/dp/0071592997</a></div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">But the
                                                  threat of it somehow
                                                  should be used, while
                                                  the problem is
                                                  building, to keep the
                                                  banks doing due
                                                  diligence, and to stop
                                                  the schools from
                                                  hiking tuition and
                                                  spending to profit on
                                                  the margin, or medical
                                                  products and services
                                                  skyrocketing as a
                                                  negotiating point
                                                  against insurance
                                                  companies, etc.  The
                                                  system either gets
                                                  fixed as a system, or
                                                  not at all.</div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">There must be
                                                  a really great book
                                                  somewhere, which gets
                                                  the data and the
                                                  economics better than
                                                  I can, and also
                                                  explains this clearly
                                                  enough that it can be
                                                  an everyman’s book. 
                                                  It’s messy and a bait
                                                  indirect, but it’s not
                                                  so hard as to be
                                                  incomprehensible. 
                                                  Does anybody know such
                                                  a book?  </div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">Eric</div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="">
                                                <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""><br class="">
                                                  <br class="">
                                                </div>
                                                <blockquote style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt" class="">
                                                  <div class="">
                                                    <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">On Jul 3,
                                                      2021, at 5:51 AM,
                                                      Eric Charles <<a href="mailto:eric.phillip.charles@gmail.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">eric.phillip.charles@gmail.com</a>>
                                                      wrote:</div>
                                                  </div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                                  <div class="">
                                                    <div class="">
                                                      <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">Something
                                                        Glen's
                                                        analysis,  there
                                                        are MANY things
                                                        in the modern
                                                        economy that fit
                                                        things model, 
                                                        including
                                                        healthcare.  </div>
                                                      <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div class="">
                                                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">The
                                                          insurance
                                                          companies
                                                          demand a steep
                                                          discount in
                                                          procedures.</div>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div class="">
                                                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">The
                                                          hospital's
                                                          have costs to
                                                          cover. </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div class="">
                                                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">The
                                                          only possible
                                                          consequence is
                                                          to
                                                          dramatically
                                                          increase the
                                                          sticker
                                                          price.  There
                                                          hospital
                                                          doesn't expect
                                                          someone to pay
                                                          that much for
                                                          a major
                                                          procedure, 
                                                          they expect
                                                          bulk buyers
                                                          (i.e.,
                                                          insurance
                                                          companies) to
                                                          drive buisness
                                                          at ther bulk
                                                          price. (If
                                                          some random
                                                          person does
                                                          pay sticker
                                                          price every so
                                                          often,  all
                                                          the better,
                                                          but that's not
                                                          ther primary
                                                          goal.) </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div class="">
                                                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">Mattress
                                                          companies,
                                                          clothing
                                                          stores,  etc.
                                                          that have
                                                          massive sales
                                                          3/4th of the
                                                          year are doing
                                                          the same sort
                                                          of thing. </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div class=""><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div class="">
                                                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">See
                                                          also my
                                                          continuous
                                                          complaints
                                                          about the "Big
                                                          Mac Index".
                                                          Only a small %
                                                          of Big Macs in
                                                          the U.S. are
                                                          purchased at
                                                          sicker price. 
                                                          The sticker
                                                          price is
                                                          primarily
                                                          intended as
                                                          something to
                                                          discount off
                                                          of. </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div><p style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class=""> </p>
                                                    <div class="">
                                                      <div class="">
                                                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">On
                                                          Wed, Jun 30,
                                                          2021, 10:56 AM
                                                          uǝlƃ <span style="font-family:"Segoe
                                                          UI
                                                          Symbol",sans-serif" class="">☤</span>>$
                                                          <<a href="mailto:gepropella@gmail.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">gepropella@gmail.com</a>>
                                                          wrote:</div>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <blockquote style="border-style:none
                                                        none none
solid;border-left-width:1pt;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding:0in
                                                        0in 0in
                                                        6pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in" class="">
                                                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin:0px" class="">Maybe.
                                                          But remember,
                                                          despite the
                                                          prescriptive
                                                          linguists out
                                                          there: a)
                                                          "troll" is not
                                                          an insult and
                                                          b) it can be
                                                          accidental.<br class="">
                                                          <br class="">
                                                          All 3 of Russ'
                                                          "people with
                                                          grants",
                                                          Barry's "rent
                                                          seeking", and
                                                          Pieter's
                                                          "publishing
                                                          profits are
                                                          bad for
                                                          science"
                                                          responses are
                                                          a trawler's
                                                          delight!
                                                          Rather than
                                                          talk about the
                                                          Strawman
                                                          fallacy and
                                                          it's
                                                          variations,
                                                          we're talking
                                                          ... [sigh]
                                                          again ...
                                                          about
                                                          capitalism and
                                                          money.<br class="">
                                                          <br class="">
                                                          Call it
                                                          naivete if you
                                                          want. But it
                                                          was a very
                                                          effective
                                                          troll.<br class="">
                                                          <br class="">
                                                          On 6/30/21
                                                          7:47 AM, <a href="mailto:thompnickson2@gmail.com" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">thompnickson2@gmail.com</a>
                                                          wrote:<br class="">
                                                          > Oh, I
                                                          see.  The
                                                          point is to
                                                          make getting
                                                          the individual
                                                          item so
                                                          expensive that
                                                          it just
                                                          balances
                                                          driving to the
                                                          library (or
                                                          doing ILL)
                                                          with
                                                          subscribing to
                                                          the Journal. 
                                                          It's pure
                                                          manipulation;
                                                          costs have
                                                          nothing to do
                                                          with it.  <br class="">
                                                          > <br class="">
                                                          > Glen, I
                                                          think you
                                                          persistently
                                                          confuse
                                                          naivete with
                                                          trolling. <br class="">
                                                          <br class="">
                                                          -- <br class="">
                                                          <span style="font-family:"Segoe
                                                          UI
                                                          Symbol",sans-serif" class="">☤</span>>$
                                                          uǝlƃ<br class="">
                                                          <br class="">
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                                            <div class="">Merle Lefkoff,
                                              Ph.D.<br class="">
                                              Center for Emergent
                                              Diplomacy<br class="">
                                              <a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http%3a%2f%2femergentdiplomacy.org&c=E,1,b2ZWR16aHpBoVoUWii1AQlP3KJWBTrbHlEvfyu5juLgUusefSefp2mwJCFa9_GKhjtgEm7WdtS0H2KrCXvG9m0sgNpaAcjEguRleR37hVS26Ay9tezpw81an&typo=1" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">emergentdiplomacy.org</a></div>
                                            <div class="">Santa Fe, New
                                              Mexico, USA</div>
                                            <div class=""><br class="">
                                              mobile:  (303) 859-5609<br class="">
                                              skype:  merle.lelfkoff2<br class="">
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="">twitter:
                                              @merle110<br class="">
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                              <div class="">Merle Lefkoff, Ph.D.<br class="">
                                Center for Emergent Diplomacy<br class="">
                                <a href="https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http%3a%2f%2femergentdiplomacy.org&c=E,1,S81-32Dgjhy9fgsxBHE-7PLI4WBSmUgF5T2vwewp4AjGdGXrrjIW35T8UoRDeO00ecoorpGDiW_8o5_EqAL7T_ovguIfcpPZQLFuWYk_YgC-WVoJNJPY&typo=1" target="_blank" class="" moz-do-not-send="true">emergentdiplomacy.org</a></div>
                              <div class="">Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA</div>
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                                mobile:  (303) 859-5609<br class="">
                                skype:  merle.lelfkoff2<br class="">
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                              <div class="">twitter: @merle110<br class="">
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      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">- .... . -..-. . -. -.. -..-. .. ... -..-. .... . .-. .
FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv
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