<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">In an affine space (vector space + point), an ant\u2019s position is a point and a path or trail can be described by vectors.<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div class="">
<div>__________<br class=""><br class="">Ed Angel<br class=""><br class="">Founding Director, Art, Research, Technology and&nbsp;Science Laboratory (ARTS Lab)<br class="">Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, University of&nbsp;New Mexico<br class=""><br class="">1017 Sierra Pinon<br class="">Santa Fe, NM 87501<br class="">505-984-0136 (home)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;">               </span>&nbsp;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;">        </span><a href="mailto:edward.angel@gmail.com" class="">edward.angel@gmail.com</a><br class="">505-453-4944 (cell)&nbsp;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;">                  </span>http://www.cs.unm.edu/~angel<br class=""></div>
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<div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Oct 24, 2021, at 5:27 PM, Frank Wimberly &lt;<a href="mailto:wimberly3@gmail.com" class="">wimberly3@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div dir="auto" class="">Focusing the application of ant foraging, what is the scalar product of an ant?&nbsp; What is the sum of two ants.&nbsp; Same questions for pheromone trails.&nbsp; If the answer is that scalar product and sum are not general enough.&nbsp; What are the homomorphisms of ants and pheromone trails?<br class=""><br class=""><div data-smartmail="gmail_signature" class="">---<br class="">Frank C. Wimberly<br class="">140 Calle Ojo Feliz, <br class="">Santa Fe, NM 87505<br class=""><br class="">505 670-9918<br class="">Santa Fe, NM</div></div><br class=""><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sun, Oct 24, 2021, 5:12 PM Jon Zingale &lt;<a href="mailto:jonzingale@gmail.com" class="">jonzingale@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br class=""></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small;color:rgb(51,51,51)"><pre style="white-space: pre-wrap;" class=""><font face="verdana, sans-serif" class="">I want to clarify what a dual space is.  I think it is much more general
than Frank thinks it is: </font><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjoint_functors" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" class="">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjoint_functors</a></pre></div></div>
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