[FRIAM] the pseudoscience of evolutionary psychology?

Sun Feb 25 14:04:27 EST 2018

Both the Lena image and the Utah Teapot have their own wikipedia pages.

I was working with the image processing group at USC when they started using  the Lena image as their standard test image. Before that they had been using what they all called the “girl image” which was probably from the 50’s and had a resolution of around 256 x 256 so it was pretty limited. There were no women working in what was a very large research group so I doubt there was any protest over the use of the Playboy centerfold. At that time it was not easy to find good images to test compression algorithms with. 

The Utah teapot was created by Martin Newell at Utah from his wife’s teapot. It was very nice because it could be described by 32 smooth bicubic spline patches and was used everywhere for a long time to test rendering algorithms. It’s not used much anymore as people use much larger data sets and there isn’t as much interest in splines since you now render tens of millions of animated triangles in real time.

The really great story about standard data sets (but not on wikipedia) is the 3D data set of a lobster. It was created from a CT scan of dead lobster. I heard a talk by the guy who did it. He had to sneak into the medical scanner room in a hospital where he was working at night to do it. It took multiple days at the end of which the lobster really reeked and was losing body parts (which is noticeable in the reconstruction). My student, Pat Crossno, did the 3D reconstruction with a particle system that sought out body parts and then distributed the particles across the surfaces.

Ed
_______________________

Ed Angel

Founding Director, Art, Research, Technology and Science Laboratory (ARTS Lab)
Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, University of New Mexico

1017 Sierra Pinon
Santa Fe, NM 87501
505-984-0136 (home)		 	angel at cs.unm.edu <mailto:angel at cs.unm.edu>
505-453-4944 (cell) 				http://www.cs.unm.edu/~angel <http://www.cs.unm.edu/~angel>

> On Feb 25, 2018, at 11:28 AM, Steven A Smith <sasmyth at swcp.com> wrote:
> 
> I appreciate and second Ed's observaions here.  While my own role as an instructor during this period was very limited.   I was first a student *among* CS majors (I was a Physics/Math major with a CS minor) in the 70's when it was all pretty new by some measure and the participation by women was higher than in the more physical engineering and science disciplines (ME/EE and Physics/Chemistry) which I generally attribute to the socialization of girls against manipulating the natural world as aggressively as boys (i.e. playing with sticks and stones outside), but might *also* reflect the possibility that males DO have a *different* sense of 3D spatial relations and possibly even materials than females.
> 
> As for Lena... I think the fact that *she* was selected in the first place by the male eye, and her recurrence in the "industry" was probably almost exclusively a male propagation for what I would call "obvious" reasons (and Glen might argue against that).   I think Lena's pervasive image might have been a symbol of the "maleness" of CS in general and Image Processing in particular and THAT might have inhibited some women at a very subtle level, recognizing that the other (male) students might objectify them a bit.  Of course one could make a MUCH stronger argument in this regard for any of the Sports fields and perhaps some subset of "Sports Journalism"?
> 
> One might want to infer something about the ubiquity of the Teapot in the field of Computer Graphics... Ed can probably reference how it got started (who made the first Teapot as a 3D model?) and why it got re-used so ubiquitously... sort of the "Hello World" of CG.   But probably nothing about culinary arts or kitchens or even the British love of Tea is likely to be significant.
> 
> - Stve
> 
> On 2/24/18 6:57 PM, Edward Angel wrote:
>> I found the email with David’s question for me re the Lena image.
>> 
>> I don’t think the Lena image had anything significant to do with the decline in the percentage of women going into CS. It was a very limited group of people that actually dealt with or even saw the image. And they were almost all male.
>> 
>> When I was chair of the CS dept at UNM (1985-88) about 40% of the majors were women. Two other factors were much more responsible for the decline that started around then First, pre the mid 80’s, women saw CS as closer to Math but a major that led to jobs. However, they found that CS was more like Engineering (or was becoming more like Engineering), a field which for various reasons was not appealing to women or welcoming of them. Second, more and more students were attracted to CS because they they were computer game players. They were almost 100% male, aggressive, individualistic and often obnoxious, all characteristics that were not those that women students possessed (to their credit). Consequently, beginning programming classes were terrible experiences for many women students and they left the program With the faculty almost all male and comprised of people who had been rewarded for precisely these characteristics, there wasn’t much effort to change to make the program more attractive to women. Eventually CS at UNM changed and now has a healthy percentage of women students and faculty.
>> 
>> Ed
>> _______________________
>> 
>> Ed Angel
>> 
>> Founding Director, Art, Research, Technology and Science Laboratory (ARTS Lab)
>> Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, University of New Mexico
>> 
>> 1017 Sierra Pinon
>> Santa Fe, NM 87501
>> 505-984-0136 (home)		 	angel at cs.unm.edu <mailto:angel at cs.unm.edu>
>> 505-453-4944 (cell) 				http://www.cs.unm.edu/~angel <http://www.cs.unm.edu/%7Eangel>
>> 
>>> On Feb 16, 2018, at 10:41 AM, Prof David West <profwest at fastmail.fm <mailto:profwest at fastmail.fm>> wrote:
>>> 
>>> Some questions for Nick and one for Ed Angel
>>> 
>>> Peterson's "alpha male" silliness seemed to have prompted this thread but I wonder if a different example might advance the discussion more productively, especially since, I suspect, most everyone on the list would dismiss Peterson as inane.
>>> 
>>> The example I have in mind is sexism in computing. Back in the sixties, two psychologists (Cannon and Perry) created a "profile" or aptitude test to determine who would be a good programmer. Their work became the de facto standard used for hiring (and to a lesser extent for admission to grad school in CS) up to and including today.
>>> 
>>> Two psychological / behavioral traits dominate their profile: 1) affinity for and proficiency at 'logical / mathematical puzzle solving';and 2) antipathy towards people. Both of these traits are, supposedly, more prevalent in males than females, especially the second one. This instantly marginalized women as potential programmers. (I would argue that this work also had significant impact, indirectly and via cultural diffusion, on the reduction of women in all of the STEM educational paths and professions.)
>>> 
>>> Within the last year, James Damone, former Google engineer, essentially made the same argument and explicitly stated that the prevalence of the two behavioral traits was "biological" in origin.
>>> 
>>> Some questions for Nick:
>>> 
>>>   -- is any assertion of a biological origin for a psychological / behavioral trait a naive evolutionary psychology argument? I say naive because I doubt that any of those individuals had any knowledge of the evolutionary psychology discipline or research.
>>> 
>>>   -- If the assertion is made that 'anti-social nerdiness' is biological (evolutionary psychological) in origin, what criteria could / would be used to affirm or deny? Must you show that the trait yielded reproductive advantage? Would you need to show the trait was present in antecedent instances of the species — e.g. would you find individuals in hunter-gatherer tribes that exhibited the trait? Could the trait be biological in origin but not 'continuous' in some fashion — e.g. a case of punctuated equilibrium.
>>> 
>>> Nick has accused me of shameless reification when I use the term/concept of "cultural evolution" but ... I was taught that the time frame required for biological evolution is too long to be a reasonable basis for explaining or accounting for observed psychological / behavioral changes in human beings. E.g. psychological behaviors associated with things like social media and cell phones are clearly observable but occur in time frames that are generational at most, and most commonly intra-generational.
>>> 
>>>   -- Is it possible to argue for some kind of biological 'precursors' — traits from which the observable changes are derived, and dependent? (Kind of like the evolution of eyes being dependent on precursors like photo-sensitive cells.)
>>> 
>>>   -- Is it possible to disprove an evolutionary psychological argument (ala Peterson and Malone) simply by pointing out that it emerged and became prevalent in a time frame inconsistent with biological evolution?
>>> 
>>> The question for Ed Angel (only because he is a graphics maven):
>>> 
>>>   -- pure speculation, but what impact did the Lena image (de facto standard for testing image compression algorithms), in 1973, have on the decline of women in the profession? A mere six years earlier, Cosmopolitan magazine was touting programming as a smart career path for women and around the same time a peak of 37% of students in CS were women.
>>> 
>>> davew
>>> 
>>> 
>>> On Fri, Feb 16, 2018, at 1:53 AM, Pieter Steenekamp wrote:
>>>> IMO it's going to be difficult to debunk evolutionary psychology.  It is a valid part of the medley of components of psychology and sociology. But is it the truth the whole truth and nothing but the truth? No, certainly not. There is much more to human behavior than evolutionary psychology. 
>>>> What's coming out from the #MeToo movement is just horrible. Sure, it may be consistent with evolutionary psychology, but we as humans should not accept it and root out the abhorrent behavior of some of the male of the species. And our society has been protecting the perpetrators and thank god that's changing. 
>>>> But don't throw out the baby with the bathwater. Give credit to evolutionary psychology as part of the effort to understand human behavior. 
>>>> 
>>>> On 15 February 2018 at 22:08, uǝlƃ ☣ <gepropella at gmail.com <mailto:gepropella at gmail.com>> wrote:
>>>> But your point *did* come through.  Peterson's (and many people's) conception of the "alpha male" (or "alpha female" for Frank), has become second nature.  It's everywhere in our culture.  And it is ripe for a debunking that is complete enough to GRIP the populace.  Dave's debunking is right, I think.  The Adam Ruins Everything video is good, but too fluffy.
>>>> 
>>>> Since Peterson depends on (some bastardization of) evol. psych., then it would be healthy to have an evol. psych. debunking.  *That's* what I'm actually looking for.  Perhaps your "Oh no" paper contains that debunking.  I'll look.
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> On 02/15/2018 11:58 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
>>>> > I apologize for the length of MY DESCENT and for the poor quality of the Xerox.  It doesn't surprise me that the main point didn't come through.   I think Evolutionary Psychology does provide testable hypotheses, but I also think testability is not /sufficient /to make a hypothesis heuristic.  The hypothesis also has to be interesting.  To be interesting, a hypothesis has to challenge some way of thinking that has become second nature, and good EP thought sometimes produces such surprising challenges.  Such interesting challenges do not arise from studies designed to bolster social stereotypes with biological bafflegab.  Here is another paper <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247372033_Oh_no_Not_social_Darwinism_again <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247372033_Oh_no_Not_social_Darwinism_again>> much shorter (only 600 wds)  and better Xeroxed, which exemplifies my contempt for this latter sort of evolutionary psychology.
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> --
>>>> ☣ uǝlƃ
>>>> 
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